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Do you know the properties of surfactants

Release time: 2024-04-01 21:10:48

Both vesicles and micelles are such aggregates, and the concentration at which surfactants begin to form micelles is called critical micelle concentration or CMC. When micelles are formed in water, the tails of the micelles form nuclei that can encapsulate oil droplets, while their (ionic/polar) heads form a shell that maintains contact with water. Surfactants aggregate in oil, and aggregates refer to reverse micelles. In reverse micelles, the head is at the core and the tail maintains sufficient contact with the oil. Surfactants are usually divided into four categories: anions, cations, non ions, and zwitterions (double electrons). The thermodynamics of surfactant systems is important, both theoretically and practically. Because surfactant systems represent systems between ordered and disordered material states. Surfactant solutions may contain ordered phases (micelles) and disordered phases (free surfactant molecules and/or ions). Micelle - The lipophilic end of surfactant molecules aggregates inside the micelle to avoid contact with polar water molecules; The polar hydrophilic end of the molecule is exposed to the outside, interacting with polar water molecules and protecting the hydrophobic groups inside the micelle. The compounds that form micelles are generally amphiphilic molecules, so in addition to being soluble in polar solvents such as water, micelles can also dissolve in non-polar solvents in the form of reverse micelles.

For example, commonly used detergents can improve the permeability of water in soil, but the effect only lasts for a few days (many standard laundry powders contain a certain amount of chemicals, such as sodium and bromine, which are not suitable for soil due to their ability to damage plants). Will commercial soil wetting agents continue to work for a period of time or will they be degraded by microorganisms. However, some products can have an impact on the biological cycle of aquatic organisms, so care must be taken to prevent them from flowing into surface runoff, and excessive products should not be washed away.

Adsorbability

Positive adsorption in solution: increase wettability, emulsification, and foaming properties;

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